NANOTECHNOLOGY IN TARGETED CANCER THERAPY: ADVANCES IN DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Abstract

Nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative approach in oncology, particularly in targeted drug delivery systems for cancer therapy. The ability of nanocarriers to deliver anticancer agents directly to tumor cells while sparing healthy tissues enhances therapeutic outcomes and reduces systemic toxicity. This paper explores recent advances in nanotechnology-enabled drug delivery platforms, such as liposomes, dendrimers, polymeric nanoparticles, and gold nanoparticles, with emphasis on their application in precision oncology. The integration of tumor-targeting ligands, stimuli-responsive release mechanisms, and real-time imaging agents signifies a leap toward personalized medicine. Furthermore, we discuss the current progress, challenges, and future directions of nanomedicine research in Pakistan, highlighting local contributions and collaborative initiatives.